THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORY SMOKE TOWARD LOCAL PEOPLE

THE INFLUENCE OF FACTORY SMOKE TOWARD LOCAL PEOPLE

Nur Shaumi Aziza

Corresponding e-mail: nurshaumi@gmail.com                 

University of Darussalam, Ponorogo, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

            This research discussed about factory smoke toward local people health those who live  around factory. Smoke is very dangerous for anyone who breathe it because it can inflict many diseases starting from breathing disorder, out of breath, phthisis etc. Most of us not know yet about the dangerous of factory smoke around us. In the factory smoke thereis the content of substances that are dangerous to human health. Therefore we must be aware of the various parties ringing from local people who live around the factory, manufacturers, up to government to be able to handle the wastes that come from factories which are health endangering the surrounding local people. The government must act decisively in dealing with the wastes plant especially smoke from factories by implementing regulations tahat have been made by examining the tools factory proper operation and is not feasible, check the waste site safe for the surrounding people, and closing factories violation of the rules thet have been immplemented by the central government where every plant must meet the international standart rules. This research we take many cases from internet media, newspaper, television and international journal. There are many ways to address the air pollution from factory smoke, are spray tower, greening, make an industrial area far from people zone, using friendly technology, and factories must meet the standards of internatinalonal operation. The data were collected that international people knowledge about the dangerous of smoke factory are still shallow. It is recommended that all of international people must read more about the dangerous of factory smoke toward international people health.

           

Keywords: smoke, factory, government

INTRODUCTION

                 Air pollution is a mixture of natural and man-made substances in the air we breathe.  It is typically separated into two categories outdoor air pollution and indoor air pollution. An air pollutant is a substance in the air that can have adverse effects on humans and the ecosystem. The substance can be solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. A pollutant can be of natural origin or man-made. Pollutants are classified as primary or secondary. Primary pollutants are usually produced from a process, such as ash from a volcanic eruption. Other examples include carbon monoxide gas from motor vehicle exhaust, or the sulfur dioxide released from factories. Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly. Rather, they form in the air when primary pollutants react or interact. Ground level ozone is a prominent example of a secondary pollutant. Some pollutants may be both primary and secondary: they are both emitted directly and formed from other primary pollutants.

Factory is one of the components of life that can not be separated by human life, which is factory jobs for most humans. the plant can also be referred also to a large industrial building where workers process the object or supervise machines processing one product into another product, so have added value. Most modern factories have warehouses or similar facilities were great that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line. Factory collecting and concentrating resources: labor, capital, and machinery industries. however, factories are popping up today are many who do not meet the standards in operation, especially in the case of waste disposal smoke which if not handled properly will cause some problems healthy life. regulations set by the government is very helpful all the involved officials from the company, the company's employees, neighbors, and government.  in this case the government must be firm in implementing all regulations have been established in order to control from ideal and also goes by the operational system good company.

These are some of the requirements that must be fulfilled all the factories to operate, namely:

1.      the plant site should be far apart with the local people.

2.      the availability of a waste disposal plant is safe for the local people.

3.       the existence of adequate safety for all employees of the factory.

4.       the standard permits the operation of the central government and the local goverment.

But there many factories that are currently operating are still dumping their waste carelessly into place that was distrubing life and lives of animals around the plant. In many cases in the international air pollution and polluted rivers caused by disposal of wasted they are not thinking of the danger which is so fatalnfor all human beings who living aroun the plant. Meny factories do not comply with international operating standards it is very dangerful to our health. In my research I will examine a few ways in the government’s role in the international community in addressing the various issues that the current factory smoke a lot of local people living around the factory was bothered by the smoke. Some of the problems in doing this study is the lack of internet facilities in the campus and limited region media televisi and newspapers both are helpful in researching this task.

Research Method

The method we use in this study is a qualitative and quantitative research. The use of this method aims to obtain more accurate information from respondents terikait effects of uncontrolled factory smoke in the life of local people.In carrying out this research program used several methods to obtain clear and reliable information from a variety of sources,  them are:

• Direct observation, the observations made directly in the community about smoke pollution caused by industrial waste, both observation influences the danger posed by smoke from factories and what efforts have been undertaken by local governments.

• Technical Interview / Questionnaire, namely through interviews with local people, both interviews with factory workers, factory executives, as well as local government, Or through questions concerning the activity or the effects of smoke generated by smoke ditimulkan by manufacturer:

1.       how the level of danger posed by factories smoke  for the residents of this area?

2.      whether this waste also causes environmental damage around?

3.      what percentage of people are very concerned about the dangers of waste the plant fumes?

•          Data Collection, the collection of data obtained through the interview like ask every questionnaire.

Furthermore, to determine the effectiveness posed by factory smoke is by determining the number of sa mples in this study, this study will use Slovin formula as follows:

n = N / 1 + NE2

Information:

n = sample

N = population

and = the value of precision of 95% or sig. = 0.05

In this study, used the techniques examine the validity of data by using something else. So that the data received in the context of the present study to collect data and relationship of the various views no differences construction.

Finding Research

Air pollution is a mixture of solid particles and gases in the air. Car emissions, chemicals from factories, dust, pollen and mold spores may be suspended as particles. Ozone, a gas, is a major part of air pollution in cities. When ozone forms air pollution, it's also called smog.Some air pollutants are poisonous. Inhaling them can increase the chance we'll have health problems. People with heart or lung disease, older adults and children are at greater risk from air pollution. Air pollution isn't just outside - the air inside buildings can also be polluted and affect our health.

Smog hanging over cities is the most familiar and obvious form of air pollution. But there are different kinds of pollution some visible, some invisible that contribute to global warming. Generally any substance that people introduce into the atmosphere that has damaging effects on living things and the environment is considered air pollution.Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is the main pollutant that is warming Earth. Though living things emit carbon dioxide when they breathe, carbon dioxide is widely considered to be a pollutant when associated with cars, planes, power plants, and other human activities that involve the burning of fossil fuels such as gasoline and natural gas. In the past 150 years, such activities have pumped enough carbon dioxide into the atmosphere to raise its levels higher than they have been for hundreds of thousands of years.

Other greenhouse gases include methane which comes from such sources as swamps and gas emitted by livestock and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were used in refrigerants and aerosol propellants until they were banned because of their deteriorating effect on Earth's ozone layer.Another pollutant associated with climate change is sulfur dioxide, a component of smog. Sulfur dioxide and closely related chemicals are known primarily as a cause of acid rain. But they also reflect light when released in the atmosphere, which keeps sunlight out and causes Earth to cool. Volcanic eruptions can spew massive amounts of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, sometimes causing cooling that lasts for years. In fact, volcanoes used to be the main source of atmospheric sulfur dioxide; today people are.Industrialized countries have worked to reduce levels of sulfur dioxide, smog, and smoke in order to improve people's health. But a result, not predicted until recently, is that the lower sulfur dioxide levels may actually make global warming worse. Just as sulfur dioxide from volcanoes can cool the planet by blocking sunlight, cutting the amount of the compound in the atmosphere lets more sunlight through, warming the Earth. This effect is exaggerated when elevated levels of other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap the additional heat.

Most people agree that to curb global warming, a variety of measures need to be taken. On a personal level, driving and flying less, recycling, and conservation reduces a person’s "carbon footprint"the amount of carbon dioxide a person is responsible for putting into the atmosphere.On a larger scale, governments are taking measures to limit emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. One way is through the Kyoto Protocol, an agreement between countries that they will cut   back on carbon dioxide emissions. Another method is to put taxes on carbon emissions or higher taxes on gasoline, so that people and companies will have greater incentives to conserve energy and pollute less.

Meanwhile to know the public response about the effectiveness of the smoke produced by the manufacturer or a cottage industry in the questionnaire answer options will be scored in accordance with the weight and quality of the answers of each respondent, as follows:

1) Category was not well rated perception 1

2) Category fairly well rated perception 2

3) Category well rated perception 3

Category index in this study first calculated value dahalu interval. Furthermore, we will know the value of the index interval for each category of respondents ratin

Once we know about the causes of air pollution, we will also discuss about the detrimental effects of air pollution that can occur disekililing us, and needed to anticipate the occurrence of air pollution has a way of preserving the air.

Table 1.1

Against Index  factory smoke

The aim
item	SS	S	Ks	TS	N	Index
1	20	29	0	0	49	3.41
2	5	28	16	0	49	2.78
3	33	16	0	0	49	3.67
total	58	73	16	0	147
TOTAL INDEX						9.86
Average Index						3.29

Source: Olah Data, 2016

Here is the corresponding table index value scale calculation results Security systems used by factory are:

Table 1.2

 Against Index security system

Security Systems
Item	SS	S	KS	TS	N
1	14	35	0	0	49	3.29
2	19	27	3	0	49	3.33
3	24	23	2	0	49	3.45
4	25	24	0	0	49	3.51
5	30	18	0	1	49	3.57
Total	112	127	5	1	245
TOTAL INDEX						17.14
Average Index						3.43

Source: Olah Data, 2016

            Smoke factory has many adverse local people, Here is the corresponding table index value scale calculation results local people are harmed by factory smoke are:

Table 1.3

Against Index local people are harmed by factory smoke

Impact
ITEM	SS	S	KS	TS	N	INDEKS
1	12	35	2	0	49	3.20
2	19	19	9	2	49	3.12
3	20	29	0	0	49	3.41
4	8	29	10	2	49	2.88
5	16	27	4	2	49	3.16
6	24	25	0	0	49	3.49
TOTAL	99	164	25	6	294
TOTAL INDEX						19.27
Average Index						3.21

Source: Olah Data, 2016

with this research we can help both from the public, the government and the factory management to be able to keep each other surrounding natural environment from damage normally generated by human hands to organize activities that are beneficial to the natural beauty around.

Conclusion and suggestion

Based on the above table, that the danger of the smoke produced by the factory got the lowest index value is 2.78. this means that a fairly high level of danger and harm the health of local residents around the plant.

Here are the adverse effects of air pollution, disturb the health :The substance pollutant or pollutants contained in the air can get into our body through the respiratory system. According to the World Health Organization or WHO, air pollution is one of the biggest killers in the world. Have you cough when in         haling polluted air and dusty? If ever it is a form your body's defense in removing germs or virus that enters the body through the dirty air you breathe.But not infrequently our immune system is experiencing a decline, and if at that time the state of polluted air, the body will be susceptible to serious respiratory infections such as asthma, bronchitis, silicosis etc. Large-sized particulates are likely to be stuck in the upper respiratory tract, while the small particulate or gas will enter the lower respiratory tract until it reaches the lungs - lungs and that is what causes the growth of germs. Acid rain. Air pollution in the long term can result in acid rain, when the rain water contains high levels of acidity or pH below 5.5. The process of acid rain can occur when sulfur or sulfur and nitrogen reacts with oxygen in the air to produce nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, which then reacts further with water vapor and form nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Nitric acid and sulfuric acid are then condenses to form clouds that will become acid rain. Global warming or global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere is good in the air, sea and on land earth. The cause of global warming can occur because basically the earth's surface will absorb heat from the sun and reflect some heat into space. However, due to uncontrolled air pollution causes heat that would otherwise be reflected into space but instead trapped by the gases carbon dioxide, methane, sulfur dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Disrupt plant growth Although plants can reduce air pollution, but the health of the plants can also be disrupted due to air pollution, so they influence each other. Plants growing in areas with high environmental pollution will be easily affected by the disease. Some diseases can easily attack plants in polluted areas is chlorosis, necrosis and spots hitam.menyebabkan fish - fish die, causing the plant to wilt, dry and dead, and the last is disrupt breathing human being. There are many ways to address the air pollution from factory smoke, are: spray tower, greening, make an industrial area far from people zone, using friendly technology, and factories must meet the standards of internatinalonal operation

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